Pada bagian pertama ini kita akan memahami simple present tense. Setiap tense memiliki fungsi tertentu untuk menjelaskan kalimat. Berikut ini fungsi dari present tense.
kebiasaan | fakta | informasi | kondisi sekarang |
Setiap tenses memiliki 3 jenis struktur kalimat yaitu positive, negative, dan interrogative sentence. Kali ini kita hanya akan belajar 3 jenis kalimat tersebut.
Positive Sentence
Subject + Verb + Object/Complement/Adverbial
Contoh :
You like chocolate. | We are high school students. |
She has three cars. | I am very hungry. |
My child drinks milk only. | She is my aunt. |
Richard wants to go to the park. | They are my teachers. |
Negative Sentence
Negative sentence merupakan kalimat negative yang maknanya “tidak” pada predicate-nya. Pada kalimat negative dengan action verb, mendapat imbuhan “do not” atau “does not”. Sedangkan pada “to be” verb, hanya mendapat imbuhan “not”
Subject | verb (am/is/are + not) | Object Complement Adverbial |
Subject | do/does not + verb | Object Complement Adverbial |
Contoh :
I do not like to read science fiction. | My books are not inside my bag. |
Dogs do not chase cats. | She is not my teacher. |
Pete does not want to talk with Ann. | I am not a thief. |
Alice does not work for an insurance company. | We are not bad people. |
Interrogative Sentence
Interrogative sentence adalah kalimat tanya. Sama seperti kalimat negative, kalimat tanya membutuhkan auxiliary verb (do/does/to be). Terdapat 2 jenis kalimat tanya, yaitu yes/no question dan WH question.
Yes/No Question
Kalimat tanya Yes/No merupakan kalimat tanya yang jawabannya hanya yes atau no untuk menanyakan kepastian.
Auxiliary verb | kalimat utama |
* do/does/modal | S + action Verb + O/C/A ? |
* to be verb | S + Complement + Adverbial ? |
*bentuk pertama, auxiliary berupa do/does/modal
**bentuk kedua, auxiliary adalah “to be”
Contoh :
Does Sarah eat meat? | Yes, she did. No, she did not. |
Can you cook barbeque? | Yes, I can. No, I cannot. |
Is she your student? | Yes, she is. No, she is not. |
Are you the doctor? | Yes, I am. No, I am not. |
Am I your student? | Yes, you are. No, you are not. |
WH Question
Wh question merupakan kalimat tanya yang menggunakan kata tanya 5W 1 H.
What | Who | Where | Why | When | How |
Berbeda dengan kalimat Yes/No Question, jawaban kalimat tanya WH question lebih panjang yang biasanya sebuah kalimat yang memberikan informasi lengkap.
Contoh :
Where is the bathroom? | The bathroom is in the corner. |
What is your name? | My name is lisa. |
Who is the man next to you? | He is my uncle. |
Why did she leave so early? | She had to do her homework. |
How are you feeling today? | I am feeling great. |
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